OK… I know I’m asking for it by even starting this thread, but I have to do it. But, let me be clear about a few things before I start…..
I’m not a Ph.D. I escaped from the ivory tower after getting my master’s in social science. My wife is a Ph.D., has taught several years and ran her own research lab at a university. But, she has also since jumped ship. We both make more money now in the private sector than we ever would have as professors (sad to say).
I’m also brand new to the sasquatch world, and am still figuring things out. I’m not a BFRO member, although I admire what I’ve seen so far from the organization. I’m just a guy who reads a lot.
I’m also not trying to show that “lettered” folks have the market cornered on smarts. The wisest person I know is my 101-year-old grandmother who never made it past 4th grade. She can spot BS a mile away, and I don’t mean Bachelors of Science. There are also plenty of folks with an alphabet soup after their name who would forget their heads if they weren’t attached to their bodies.
The reason I’m starting this thread is that not everyone is clear on what is entailed in getting a Ph.D. in the natural and social sciences. Geez, I wasn’t clear on that until I was a full year into graduate school. There are differences between programs, departments, and universities on what hoops one has to go through to get a doctorate. But, there is a fair amount of consistency, too, and it does mean something significant. That’s what I’ll try to speak to here.
So what does having a Ph.D. mean?
* At least one doctoral level professor, perhaps an entire admissions committee, thought that you did well enough as an undergraduate to be worth the investment of their time in training you. You likely had good recommedations, GRE scores, a decent GPA (especially in the field to which you applied), and maybe some research experience as an undergraduate assistant.
* You have read a mountain of research in books and journal articles and probably wrote an extensive literature review at some point as part of gaining your candidacy.
* You have taken at least two graduate level courses in statistics and/or methodology.
* You have taken several subject matter courses specific to your field and specialization.
* You were your advisor’s lab slave, paper grading machine, and lecturer back-up. You worked endless hours on research that you may or may not have gotten credit for, because your advisor covered your tuition and gave you a minimal stipend to subsist on (unless you were an NSF fellow, you lucky bastards).
* You studied and took courses for two or more years until you took your “comps” (comrehensive exams) or “prelims” (preliminary exams). These are usually all day exams that cover everything you’ve learned since you joined the program. Sometimes, they are given orally in front of a testing board. More typically, you are given a set of questions and write/type until you can’t write anymore. They are pass/fail. If you pass, you are officially a doctoral candidate and you can begin your doctoral work. If you fail, you take the exams again in a year. But, usually, failing is a not so subtle hint that you should pack your bags and find other employment. People have skipped prelims and left, because they just couldn’t take the pressure. Others have left in the middle of the exam without completing it, because it was just too much for them. Both of those things happened at the university I went to.
* You have done background research, formed hypotheses, performed experiments or naturalistic observations, collected data, analyzed results, and drawn conclusions for both your thesis and your dissertation. The process for either one of these can take years.
* Before, during, and after your dissertation, you sat in front of a group of three or four of your department’s professors and defended every last word while they grilled you to the point that you were convinced you were a complete idiot. It’s hard to be brilliant under that kind of pressure.
* You have likely submitted at least one paper for publication in a peer-reviewed scientific journal, where people who don’t know you pick apart the research that you put your heart and soul into, and then send it back to the editor with a recommendation: accept, revise and resubmit, or reject. If you are not published by the time you start looking for an academic position as a professor, it is very unlikely you will be hired by a research university. Publish or perish….
* You have presented at least once at national or international conferences where dozens of graduate students and Ph.D.s in your field listened to you present and told you to your face what they thought of it, for better or for worse, in front of many other professionals.
There’s a reason that people celebrate once they get their Ph.D., usually with lots of alcohol. Because it was really tough to get there, probably requiring ibuprofen, caffeine, and antacids along the way (as well as more alcohol). The outcome was never certain at any point.
Again, there are plenty of intelligent people without any schooling whatsoever. Heck, Albert Einstein is probably the most celebrated dropout of all time. But, I admire folks with Ph.Ds, because I know what they’ve gone through and they have certainly paid their dues… usually in blood, sweat, and tears.